( Pali : Sāsanā Sakaraj), a traditional calendar , the lunisolar calendar , which prevails in Buddhist countries in South and Southeast Asia , such as Cambodia and Thailand . Its chronology method, called the era of Buddha extinction, is based on the year when Sakyamuni Buddha passed away ( nirvana ). Generally, 543 BC is the first year of Buddha's Nirvana. According to the standard Buddhist calendar of Thailand ( Theravada ), 2022 AD is the year 2565 of the Buddhist calendar.
Sakyamuni , the founder of Buddhism, formerly known as Gautama Siddhartha, was a member of the Sakyamuni tribe in ancient India . Sakyamuni is an honorary title, meaning the saint of the Sakyamuni family. Also known as " Buddha " (Enlightened One), "World Honored One" and so on. The date of his birth and death can be inferred from the Chinese translation of " Shan Jian Lv Pi Pasa " in "Chu Lu Ji" in Northern Buddhism as 565 BC to 486 BC , and Southern Buddhism from 624 BC to 544 BC or AD 623 BC to 543 BC .
In 1950 , the first World Buddhist Friendship Conference was held in Colombo , the capital of Ceylon . It was resolved in the meeting that the Buddha was born in 623 BC, became enlightened in 588 BC , and died in 543 BC. In 1954 , the annual meeting was held in Yangon , Myanmar . During the meeting, it was decided that Buddhist countries should use the "Buddhist calendar" era, and based on the year of Sakyamuni's Nirvana , the year 1954 was the year 2497 of the Buddhist calendar.
In addition, in Chinese Chinese Buddhism , the year of Buddha's birth is used as the era, and in " Buddha's History " (but since it was written in the Song Dynasty, and the calculation is only calculated by the Chinese lunar calendar, it is not compared with the ancient Indian calendar. Therefore, there is a huge error) : Buddha was born on April 8 in the twenty-fourth year of King Zhao of Zhou (but this statement has been denied by European and American academic circles. According to research, it was pointed out that the Buddha was not born at this time), and he was born on February 15, the fifty-two year of King Mu . [Note 1] , so the year 2022 of the Western calendar is the year 3049 of the Chinese Buddha's birthday (the first year of Jiayin in 1027 BC is the first year, which is 404 years earlier than the Buddha's birthday in 623 years ago as agreed by the World Buddhist Friendship Association).